diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that affects the body\’s ability to regulate blood glucose levels. It is characterized by high blood sugar levels due to insulin resistance or inadequate secretion of insulin. Diabetes has become a serious public health problem worldwide, and it requires comprehensive prevention and treatment.
in our daily life, diet plays an important role in diabetes prevention and treatment. Proper eating habits can help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of complications. The key points for diabetic patients to pay attention to are: control food intake, choose whole foods, decrease oil and salt intake, and pay attention to nutritional balance.
1. energy metabolism rate
the term “energy metabolism rate” comes from physiology, which refers to the amount of energy consumed by an organism in one unit time, such as 1 day. The unit used is calorie (kcal), that is, it takes how many calories to maintain life activities within a certain period of time. In our daily life, we can understand the energy metabolism rate roughly through the following points:
– Basal metabolic rate: it refers to the minimum amount of energy required for human vital functions, such as heart beating, breathing and thinking, under complete rest conditions for 24 hours.
– diet-induced thermogenesis: it refers to the energy consumption produced by body heat when food is digested, absorbed, transported and stored in the digestive tract.
– physically active metabolism rate: the energy consumed by exercise.
in clinical practice, calculating the appropriate calorie supply for diabetic patients refers to a combination of basal metabolic rate and physical activity. The purpose is to maintain ideal weight, prevent excessive fat deposition and promote blood sugar control.
2. the importance of controlling dietary intake
for people with diabetes, the key to diet control is not only to control the quantity but also to pay attention to quality. In this context, we introduce several important suggestions for diabetic patients:
1) choose whole foods: whole grains, vegetables, fruits and nuts are rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals, which can help reduce blood sugar levels.
2) decrease oil and salt intake: excessive fat consumption in the body can lead to resistance to insulin, and too much salt is easy to cause high blood pressure. Generally speaking, the recommended intake of oil per day is about 25-30g, salt about 6-8g.
3) balance nutrition: the diet should contain adequate proteins, fats, sugars and other nutrients. Among them, protein foods include meat, eggs, milk products, beans and so on; fat sources mainly include olive oil, peanut oil, vegetable oil and so on; carbohydrates mainly come from vegetables, fruits, grains, etc.
3. specific dietary recommendations for diabetes patients
1) choose appropriate staple food: the proportion of staple food (mainly coarse grains) should be increased. Whole grain bread can reduce the adverse effects on blood sugar caused by staple food.
2) pay attention to vegetable intake: increase the variety and quality of vegetables, with more green leafy vegetables, root vegetables, etc., in order to obtain the necessary nutrients and improve the dietary structure.
3) eat more fiber-containing foods: fiber can delay the absorption of glucose from the digestive tract, play a role in maintaining blood sugar levels, and have certain effects on weight loss. Foods rich in dietary fiber include whole grains, fruits, vegetables, legumes and seaweed vegetables.
4) moderate intake of meats, eggs, dairy and nuts: choose chicken胸肉、鱼肉、瘦肉等， reduce the intake of fatty meats; choose low-fat or non-fat dairy products; peanuts, walnuts and so on are rich in unsaturated fatty acids and can be eaten moderately.
finally, remember diet control is not enough, exercise is also very important. Together with a healthy lifestyle, you can effectively prevent and treat diabetes.
diabetic prevention good helper
of course, if you have diabetes or suspect you have it, please seek professional medical advice. Only in this way can you get quality treatment and improve your life quality.